Contribución de los heterótrofos a la calcificación secundaria en arrecifes marginales del Pacífico mexicano

Autores

  • J. Fernando Alvarado Rodríguez CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR DE ENSENADA, BAJA CALIFORNIA
  • Héctor Nava Laboratorio de Biodiversidad Marina, Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo.
  • Rafael A. Cabral-Tena Departamento de Ecología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada
  • C. Orión Norzagaray-López Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
  • Luis E. Calderon-Aguilera Departamento de Ecología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada

Palavras-chave:

Cementación, esclerobiontes, Golfo de California, producción de CaCO3

Resumo

Antecedentes. Los esclerobiontes (e.g., algas calcáreas, briozoos, poliquetos, moluscos, y balanos) par-ticipan en la producción de carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) arrecifal. Su contribución es vital para mantener balances de CaCO3 positivos, especialmente en arrecifes marginales. Objetivo. Comparar la producción de CaCO3 por esclerobiontes en un arrecife sujeto a estrés antropogénico - Las Gatas (LG), en la bahía de Zihua-tanejo Guerrero, y otro bajo condiciones ambientales altamente fluctuantes - La Llave (LL), en Bahía de Los Ángeles (Golfo de California). Métodos. Se utilizaron CAUs (Calcification/Accretion Units) para promover el reclutamiento de esclerobiontes durante dos periodos de inmersión: 6 y 15 meses. Resultados. La tasa de calcificación fue alta a los 6 meses y luego disminuyó debido a la rápida colonización y crecimiento inicial seguido de una disminución con el tiempo. Los esclerobiontes depositaron 1.2 ± 0.4 kg CaCO3 m-2 año-1 en LG, lo que representa el 7% de la producción de corales ramificados en el Pacífico sur mexicano (17.2 kg m-2año-1), mientras que en LL depositaron 2.1 ± 0.7 kg CaCO3 m-2 año-1, equivalente al 20% de la producción de corales masivos en la zona (10.1 kg m-2 año-1). Los grupos que más CaCO3 depositaronfueron los moluscos y los briozoos en LG (hasta 0.65 ± 0.16 kg m-2 año-1), y los balanos en LL (hasta 2.32 ± 0.35 kg m-2 año-1). Conclusiones. Estos resultados destacan el papel de los heterótrofos como calcificadores secundarios tanto en LG, un sitio impactado por actividad antropogénica, como en LL, un sitio con bajo impacto antropogénico, pero con alta productividad biológica asociada a surgencias. Este hallazgo implica que las condiciones am-bientales en los sitios de estudio limitan la calcificación de los calcificadores primarios (i.e., corales y CCA) pero estimulan la de calcificadores secundarios, con potenciales repercusiones geomórficas.

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2023-04-12

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Alvarado Rodríguez, J. F., Nava, H., Cabral-Tena, R. A., Norzagaray-López, C. O., & Calderon-Aguilera, L. E. (2023). Contribución de los heterótrofos a la calcificación secundaria en arrecifes marginales del Pacífico mexicano. HIDROBIOLÓGICA, 33(2). Recuperado de https://hidrobiologica.izt.uam.mx/index.php/revHidro/article/view/1711

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