Parámetros de crecimiento y actividad de enzimas metabolizadoras de xenobióticos de juveniles de Litopenaeus vannamei alimentados con dietas conteniendo aflatoxinas y un secuestrante de aflatoxinas

Effect of clay-based binder on aflatoxicosis in shrimp

Autores/as

  • Oscar Daniel García Pérez Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbs/hidro/2022v32n2/Tapia

Palabras clave:

aflatoxinas, secuestrante, crecimiento, micotoxinas, camarón

Resumen

Antecedentes. Las granjas camaroneras son cada vez más vulnerables a los efectos negativos de las aflatoxinas (AF), ya que se utilizan con frecuencia ingredientes de origen vegetal en las dietas. Objetivos. Evaluar los efectos de un secuestrante de AF a base de bentonita sobre los parámetros de crecimiento y la actividad de las enzimas fosfatasa alcalina (ALP) y glutatión S-transferasa (GST) en juveniles de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei alimentados con dietas contaminadas con AF durante 42 días. Metodos. Los camarones se asignaron aleatoriamente a los siguientes grupos de estudio, que incluyeron una dieta no contaminada (NCD), una dieta contaminada con AF (ACD) y grupos suplementados con ACD y conteniendo 1, 1.5 o 2 g/kg de alimento de Mycofix Plus (MyP), un aglutinante de micotoxinas a base de arcilla que contiene bentonita, enzimas, algas y extractos de plantas. Resultados. Los camarones de ACD tuvieron un peso medio, una tasa de crecimiento, un consumo de alimento y un porcentaje de retención de nitrógeno significativamente más bajos en comparación con los camarones del grupo NCD. Todos los tratamientos MyP dieron como resultado un peso medio, una tasa de crecimiento y una eficiencia de retención de nitrógeno similares a los camarones alimentados con NCD, mientras que solo ACD + 1 y ACD + 1.5 MyP tuvieron actividades ALP y GST similares a las de los camarones alimentados con NCD. Curiosamente, los camarones de ACD + 2 MyP tenían altas actividades de ALP y GST, incluso más altas que los animales ACD. Conclusiones. MyP protegió a los camarones de los efectos adversos de las AF; sin embargo, en la dosis más alta, aumentaron las actividades de las enzimas metabólicas probablemente debido a otros compuestos bioactivos presentes en MyP.

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Publicado

2022-09-23

Cómo citar

García Pérez, O. D. (2022). Parámetros de crecimiento y actividad de enzimas metabolizadoras de xenobióticos de juveniles de Litopenaeus vannamei alimentados con dietas conteniendo aflatoxinas y un secuestrante de aflatoxinas: Effect of clay-based binder on aflatoxicosis in shrimp. HIDROBIOLÓGICA, 32(2). https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbs/hidro/2022v32n2/Tapia

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