Efecto agudo del carbofuran en juveniles de Chirostoma humboldtianum (Valenncienes 1835) (Atheriniformes: Atherinopsidae)

Autores

  • Octavio Abeja-Pineda Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
  • Gerardo Figueroa Lucero Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
  • María Cecilia Hernández-Rubio Instituto Politécnico Nacional
  • Liliana Favari Perozz Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Palavras-chave:

Carbofuran, estrés oxidativo, lipoperoxidación, neurotoxicidad

Resumo

Antecedentes: Las poblaciones de Chirostoma han disminuido por pérdida de su hábitat, la introducción de especies exóticas y la contaminación. Chirostoma humboldtianum (Valenciennes, 1835) se registró en la cuenca de México, por última vez, en 1957. El carbofurán es un insecticida carbámico, sistémico de amplio espectro, por lo que su uso se ha prohibido en muchos países. Sin embargo, en México se utiliza ampliamente y sus efectos no se han evaluado en peces endémicos. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto agudo del Carbofuran® en juveniles de Chirostoma humboldtianum a través de biomarcadores de neurotoxicidad y de estrés oxidativo en el cerebro, el hígado, las branquias y los músculos. Método: Se evaluó el efecto del carbofuran (0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/L, n = 10 y tres réplicas) en un ensayo estático, sin recambio de agua durante 96 h, en juveniles de siete meses de edad. Los peces se obtuvieron por fertilización in vitro, de reproductores mantenidos en cautiverio, certificados morfológica y genéticamente. Resultados: La CL50 fue de 0.077 mg/L-1 (0.028 – 0.118 mg/L -1, α = 0.05) a las 96 h de exposición. La actividad de la acetilcolinesterasa (AchE) se inhibe en el cerebro y en el hígado. El nivel de lipoperoxidación (LPO) fue significativamente mayor en las branquias que en el hígado y los músculos (p < 0.05). Las enzimas superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y glutatión peroxidasa (GPx) presentan un patrón similar de activación en las branquias y el hígado. Conclusiones: El carbofuran causa daño neurotóxico y oxidativo, en juveniles de C. humboldtianum en concentraciones menores a las registradas en otras especies de peces. 

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Biografia do Autor

Gerardo Figueroa Lucero, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa

Profesor Titular

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Publicado

2023-05-10

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Abeja-Pineda, O., Figueroa Lucero, G., Hernández-Rubio, M. C., & Favari Perozz, L. . (2023). Efecto agudo del carbofuran en juveniles de Chirostoma humboldtianum (Valenncienes 1835) (Atheriniformes: Atherinopsidae). HIDROBIOLÓGICA, 33(3). Recuperado de https://hidrobiologica.izt.uam.mx/index.php/revHidro/article/view/1594

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