Analysis of three molecular methods to describe sea Yucatan, Mexico environmental prokaryotic taxa

Abstract

In this study we describe a prokaryotic community from a seawater sample obtained in the Yucatan Channel, using for this purpose three molecular methods: 1) T-RFLPs. 2) Sequencing of amplicons (clone libraries). 3) Metagenome shotgun sequencing; the three are useful for the determination of microbial diversity. We also present a comparison of the scope and limits of each method. The comparison took into account three criteria: the number of taxonomic units detected, the taxonomic assignment accuracy and the cost of the study. The most abundant taxa were Candidatus Portiera OTU 3744 (equivalent to SAR86 clade) and Candidatus Pelagibacter. The results showed that the shotgun sequencing strategy is the most powerful in terms of detected taxonomic units, while the data obtained by T-RFLPs and clone library methods represent only a subsample of the shotgun fragment library. Regarding phylogenetic resolution (taxonomical determination), the more accurate approach is the sequencing of clone libraries. The costs of the three strategies vary considerably, but so does its scope. Therefore, it is important to consider that one, or another methodology, can only specifically answer some ecological and evolutionary questions.