Shell shape, allometry, and heavy metals content of two oyster species in the southeastern Gulf of California
Keywords:
Bivalves, biometric indexes, morphometry, anthropogenic activities, environmental variables.Abstract
Background. The diverse and growing anthropogenic activity on the world's coastlines puts pressure on the shape and growth of the shells of different bivalve mollusks. Goals. Determine the biometric indicators and relative growth of the shell of Saccostrea palmula and Crassostrea corteziensis in wild populations of the southeastern Gulf of California. Methods. Oyster samplings were performed seasonally (summer 2019 to spring 2020) in the Altata (AL), Macapule (ML), Navachiste (NL) and El Colorado (ECL) lagoons, Sinaloa, Mexico (n = 300 per species and site), to document possible differences between shell measurements (length, height and width), biometric indices (elongation, compaction and convexity), and allometry, with the concentrations of the heavy metals (HM) such as arsenic (As); cadmium (Cd); copper (Cu); iron (Fe); lead (Pb); and zinc (Zn) found in the soft tissue of both species. Results. Except for height, the other shell dimensions and body weight presented significant differences (p ˂ 0.05) between the sampling sites for each oyster. The greatest shell elongation of S. palmula and C. corteziensis was found in ML and ECL, respectively (p ˂ 0.05). At each sampling site, the morphometric associations for the two oyster species showed a linear and positive trend, with different negative allometry (b ˂ 1). The concentrations of organic and inorganic matter as well as HM analyzed (except zinc) showed correlations with some biometric indicators and allometry in most of the lagoons in the two species. Conclusions. The HM were related to the functional indicators of the shell and allometry of both ostreids in the different lagoons.
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