Diversity and distribution of caprellids (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) in the Eastern Tropical Pacific region: Review of the literature

Abstract

Background. Caprellids are one of the most diverse and abundant amphipods associated with marine environments. They play a fundamental role in ecosystems as an energy source at different trophic levels. In spite of their importance, abundance, and species richness in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), they are scarcely known. Goals. The purpose of this study was to collect and update existing knowledge of caprellids in the ETP and to describe general information about feeding habitats, distribution, reproduction, and life cycle. Methods. The work focused on searching for bibliographic material published between 1903 and 2016 on the ETP, using the Google Scholar web search engine and the Redalyc, Scielo, Science Direct, and ISI Web databases, as well as cross-references. Results. Sixteen species grouped in five genera are distributed at a depth mostly between 1-30 m, within the littoral zone and particularly associated with coral reef ecosystems. In the last decade, knowledge about caprellids species richness has increased by 65.5%. However, 57% of the records in the Eastern Tropical Pacific have been reported in the Gulf of California and Central Mexican Pacific subregions, a fact that reveals a large information gap with respect to the rest of the ETP subregions. Conclusions. Due to the scarce information and the potential of finding more species in the region, we recommend increasing the sampling effort in order to contribute to the knowledge of the group and generate baseline information for further research that will inform improved management strategies and conservation of marine ecosystems.