Water quality assessment in a subtropical river and tributaries combining physicochemical and aquatic macroinvertebrates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbs/hidro/2022v32n1/GudinoKeywords:
biological indices, families, land uses, multivariate statistics, NSF-WQI, Cupatitzio RiverAbstract
Background. The evaluation of the integrity of a river involves the analysis of different aspects of its environment and the ecosystem itself. Goal. In the present study, the abiotic and biotic quality of the Cupatitzio river was characterized using multiple indicators. Methods. An analysis of the coverage of the different land uses in the basin was carried out, 16 physicochemical variables of the water were measured, and aquatic invertebrates were identified and quantified in 20 monitoring sites. Water quality index (NSF-WQI) and biological indices (Shannon-Wiener, Pielou, and Indicator Species Analysis) were calculated, and multivariate statistical methods were applied. Results. Most of the sites present an important coverage of human settlements and agriculture, and the lowest value for natural vegetation. Consequently, the beginning of the river presented a modification in its channel which reduced the value of biological indicators. Overall water quality is medium for the river, related to the presence of organic matter with high values of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (maximum 22.82 mg/L) and nutrients (maximum NO3 of 12.39 mg/L and NH4 of 7.31 mg/L). The dominant families were Chironomidae, Lumbriculidae, Gammaridae, and Baetidae. A significant spatial and temporal difference in family abundance was detected (A=0.061, P=0.0007, and A=0.247, P=0.000008, respectively). Six of the 77 families were identified as significant indicators. Conclusions. Only at dry season there was more concordance between environmental quality and aquatic organisms’ indicators. A protocol of the analyses is presented for implementation in other aquatic ecosystems and it is recommended the necessity to calibrate and validate biological indicator indices (e. g., BMWP) to improve interpretation.
Downloads
References
AENOR-UNE (Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación). 2007. Una Norma Española. Disponible en línea en: http://www.aenor.es/aenor/normas/normas/fichanorma.asp?tipo=N&codigo=N0050509#. WTwcSWiGPIU (consultado el 24 de enero de 2019).
Barbour, M.T., J. Gerritsen, B.D. Snyder & J.B. Stribling. 1999. Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in streams and wadeable rivers: Periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. 2nd ed. Protection Agency, Office of Water: Washington, DC, USA. 337 p.
Barton, D.R. & J.L. Metcalfe-Smith. 1992. A comparison of sampling techniques and summary indices for assessment of water quality in the Yamaska River, Québec, based on benthic macroinvertebrates. Environmental Monitoring and assessment 21(3):225-244. DOI:10.1007/BF00399689
Behmel, S., M. Damour, R. Ludwig & M.J. Rodriguez. 2016. Water quality monitoring strategies-A review and future perspectives. Science of the Total Environment 571:1312-1329. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.235
Berger, E., P. Haase, M. Kuemmerlen, M. Leps, R.B. Schaefer & A. Sundermann. 2017. Water quality variables and pollution sources shaping stream macroinvertebrate communities. Science of the Total Environment 587-588:110. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.031
Bravo-Espinosa, M., M.E. Mendoza, T. Carlón-Allende, L. Medina, J.T. Sáenz-Reyes & R. Páez. 2014. Effects of converting forest to avocado orchards on topsoil properties in the trans-Mexican volcanic system, Mexico. Land Degradation & Development 25:452-467. DOI:10.1002/ldr.2163
Chaumot, A., O. Geffard, J. Armengaud & L. Maltby. 2015. Gammarids as reference species for freshwater monitoring. In: Amiard-Triquet, C., A. Jean-Claude & C. Mouneyrac. Aquatic Ecotoxicology. Academic Press, pp.253-280.
Cotler, H., M. Mazari & J. de Anda. 2006. Atlas de la Cuenca Lerma-Chapala: construyendo una visión conjunta. Instituto Nacional de Ecología, SEMARNAT/Instituto de Ecología, UNAM. 7 p.
Dufrêne, M. & P. Legendre. 1997. Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological Monographs 67:345-366. DOI:10.1890/0012-9615(1997)067[0345:- SAAIST]2.0.CO;2
EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). 2019. Water Quality Indicators Data Review. Disponible en: https://echo.epa.gov/ tools/data-downloads/wqi-data-review (consultado el 17 de enero 2019).
Fang, Y. & J.W. Jawitz. 2019. The evolution of human population distance to water in the USA from 1790 to 2010. Nature communications 10:430. DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-08366-z
Feld, C.K., F. De Bello & S. Dolédec. 2014. Biodiversity of traits and species both show weak responses to hydromorphological alteration in lowland river macroinvertebrates. Freshwater Biology 59:233-248. DOI:10.1111/fwb.12260
Fierro, P., C. Valdovinos, L. Vargas-Chacoff, C. Bertrán & I. Arismendi. 2017. Macroinvertebrates and fishes as bioindicators of stream water pollution. In: Tutu, H (ed.). Water Quality. IntechOpen, Rijeka, pp. 23-38. DOI:10.5772/65084
Forsin, D. & F. Falcão. 2007. Using Baetidae species as biological indicators of environmental degradation in a Brazilian river basin. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 130(1):365-372.
Friberg, N., J. Skriver, S.E. Larsen, M.L. Pedersen & A. Buffagni. 2010. Stream macroinvertebrate occurrence along gradients in organic pollution and eutrophication. Freshwater Biology 55:1405-1419. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02164.x
Ginebreda, A., I. Muñoz, M. López de Alda, R. Brix, J. López-Doval & D. Barceló. 2010. Environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in rivers: Relationships between hazard indexes and aquatic macroinvertebrate diversity indexes in the Llobregat River (NE Spain). Environment International 36(2):153-162. DOI:10.1016/j. Envint.2009.10.003
Gitau, M.W., J. Chen & Z. Ma. 2016. Water quality indices as tools for decision making and management. Water resources management 30(8):2591-2610. DOI:10.1007/s11269-016-1311-0
Hawkes, H.A. 1998. Origin and development of the biological monitoring working party score system. Water research 32(3):964-968.
INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía). 2017. Conjunto de datos vectoriales de la carta de Uso del suelo y vegetación. Escala 1:250 000. Serie VI. Conjunto Nacional. Disponible en línea en: https:// www.inegi.org.mx/app/biblioteca/ficha.html?upc=889463598459 (consultado el 16 de junio 2020)
Keke, U.N., F.O. Arimoro, Y.I. Auta & A.V. Ayanwale. 2017. Temporal and spatial variability in macroinvertebrate community structure in relation to environmental variables in Gbako River, Niger State, Nigeria. Tropical Ecology 58(2):229-240.
Kunz, P.Y., C. Kienle & A. Gerhardt. 2010. Gammarus spp. in aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality assessment: toward integrated multilevel tests. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 205:1-76. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-5623-1₁
Labajo-Villantes, Y.I. & O.M. Nuñeza. 2015. Macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of water quality in Labo and Clarin rivers, Misamis Occidental, Philippines. International Journal of Biosciences 6(9):62-73. DOI:10.12692/ijb/6.9.62-73
Laini, A., R. Bolpagni, T. Cancellario, S. Guareschi, E. Racchetti & P. Viaroli. 2018. Testing the response of macroinvertebrate communities and biomonitoring indices under multiple stressors in a lowland regulated river. Ecological Indicators 90:47-53. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.02.051
Lynch, D.T., D.R. Leasure & D.D. Magoulick. 2018. The influence of drought on flow-ecology relationships in Ozark Highland streams. Freshwater Biology 63(8):946-968. DOI:10.1111/fwb.13089
Loya-Salinas, D.H. & A. Escofet. 1990. Contribution to the calculation of the biological value index (Sanders, 1960). Ciencias Marinas 16(2):97-115.
Massicotte, P., E. Asmala, C. Stedmon & S. Markager. 2017. Global distribution of dissolved organic matter along the aquatic continuum: Across rivers, lakes and oceans. Science of the Total Environment 609:180-191. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.076
McCune, B. & M.J. Mefford. 2016. PC-ORD. Multivariate analysis of Ecological Data, Version 7.0 for Windows. Wild Blueberry Media, Corvallis, Oregon, U.S.A.
Merritt, R.W., K.W. Cummins & M.B. Berg. 2008. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. 4th ed. America Kendall Publishing: Dubuque, IA, USA. 1158 p.
Mosley, L.M. 2015. Drought impacts on the water quality of freshwater systems; review and integration. Earth-Science Reviews 140:203- 214. DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.11.010
National Sanitation Foundation (https://www.knowyourh2o.com/outdoor-3/ water-quality-index-calculator-for-surface-water), y en 1978 fue creado (Ott, W. R. 1978. Environmental indices: theory and practice.) porque mencionan a estos autores como los creadores pero no se encuentra el archivo: Krenkel, P. & V. Novotny. 1980. Water quality management. Academic Press.
Nautiyal, P., A.S. Mishra, J. Verma & A. Agrawal. 2017. River ecosystems of the Central Highland ecoregion: Spatial distribution of benthic flora and fauna in the Plateau rivers (tributaries of the Yamuna and Ganga) in Central India. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 20(1-2):43-58. DOI:10.1080/14634988.2017.1296324
Ortega, M.R., M.E. Aguilar, R. Hernández & N.T. Díaz. 2015. El perifiton de la subcuenca del río Cupatizio, Michoacán, México. Biológicas Revista de la DES Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias 16(2):1-12.
Ortega, M.R., N.T. Díaz, R. Alvarado, R. Hernández, M.L. Avilés, M.E. Aguilar, O. Vázquez & M. Martínez. 2013. Fitoplancton de la región litoral del río Cupatitzio (Michoacán, México). Biológicas Revista de la DES Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias 14(2):57-66.
Oscoz, J., D. Galicia & R. Miranda. 2011. Identification guide of freshwater macroinvertebrates of Spain. Springer, London. 153 p. DOI:10.1007/978-94-007-1554-7
Pennak, R.W. 1978. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of the United States. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA. 628 p.
Pérez, R.M., M.S. Aguilera & J. L. Mora. 2006. Monitoreo ambiental del río “Cupatitzio”, en la cabecera de la microcuenca y dentro del Parque Nacional “Barranca del Cupatitzio”, en la Ciudad de Uruapan, Michoacán. Biológicas 8(1):18-30.
Pond, G.J., K.M. Fritz & B.R. Johnson. 2016. Macroinvertebrate and organic matter export from headwater tributaries of a Central Appalachian stream. Hydrobiologia 779(1):75-91. DOI:10.1007/s10750- 016-2800-0
Pureco, J.A. 2016. El agua del río Cupatitzio: la vertebración de una comarca socioeconómica en el centro de Michoacán. Región y Sociedad 28(67):121-150. DOI:10.22198/rys.2016.67.a198
R Core Team. 2019. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Roldán-Pérez, G. 1999. Los macroinvertebrados y su valor como indicadores de la calidad del agua. Academia Colombiana de Ciencia 23(88):375-387.
Roldán-Pérez, G. 2016. Los macroinvertebrados como bioindicadores de la calidad del agua: cuatro décadas de desarrollo en Colombia y Latinoamérica. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales 40(155):254-274. DOI:10.18257/raccefyn.335
Rice, E.W., R.B. Baird & A.D. Eaton. 2017. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 23 ed. American Public Health Association (APHA, WEF & AWWAS), Washington, D.C. 1504 p.
Ruaro, R., E.A. Gubiani, A.M. Cunico, Y. Moretto & A.P. Piana. 2016. Comparison of fish and macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of Neotropical streams. Environmental monitoring and assessment 188:45. DOI:10.1007/s10661-015-5046-9
Ruiz-Picos, R.A., J.E. Sedeño-Díaz & E. López-López. 2016. Ensambles de macroinvertebrados acuáticos relacionados con diversos usos del suelo en los ríos Apatlaco y Chalma-Tembembe (cuenca del Río Balsas), México. Hidrobiológica 26(2):443-458.
Ruiz-Picos, R.A., B. Kohlmann, J.E. Sedeño-Díaz & E. López-López. 2017. Assessing ecological impairments in Neotropical rivers of Mexico: calibration and validation of the Biomonitoring Working Party Index. Environmental Science and Technology 14(9):1835-1852. DOI:10.1007/s13762-017-1299-x
Saraswati, S.P., M.V. Ardion, Y.H. Widodo & S. Hadisusanto. 2019. Water quality index performance for river pollution control based on better ecological point of view (a case study in code, Winongo, Gadjah Wong Streams). Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 5(1):47-56. DOI:10.22146/jcef.41165
Şener, Ş., E. Şener & A. Davraz. 2017. Evaluation of water quality using water quality index (WQI) method and GIS in Aksu River (SWTurkey). Science of the Total Environment 584-585:131-144. DOI:10.1016/j. Scitotenv.2017.01.102
Singh, P.K. & S. Saxena. 2018. Towards developing a river health index. Ecological Indicators 85:999-1011. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.11.059
Sutadian, A.D., N. Muttil, A.G. Yilmaz & B.J.C. Perera. 2016. Development of river water quality indices-a review. Environmental monitoring and assessment 188:58. DOI:10.1007/s10661-015-5050-0
Tarbuck, E.J., F.K. Lutgens, D. Tasa & A.T. Cientificas. 2005. Ciencias de la Tierra. Pearson Educación, Madrid, España. 686 p.
Thorp, J. & A. Covich. 2009. Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. 3rd ed. Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA. 1021 p.
Tyagi, S., B. Sharma, P. Singh & R. Dobhal. 2013. Water quality assessment in terms of Water Quality Index. American Journal of Water Resources 1(3):34-38. DOI:10.12691/ajwr-1-3-3
Tu, J. 2013. Spatial variations in the relationships between land use and water quality across an urbanization gradient in the watersheds of Northern Georgia, USA. Environmental Management 51:1-17. DOI:10.1007/s00267-011-9738-9
Vigiak, O., B. Grizzetti, A. Udias-Moinelo, M. Zanni, C. Dorati, F. Bouraoui & A. Pistocchi. 2019. Predicting biochemical oxygen demand in European freshwater bodies. Science of The Total Environment 666:1089- 1105. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.252
Wen, Y., G. Schoups & N. van de Giesen. 2017. Organic pollution of rivers: Combined threats of urbanization, livestock farming and global climate change. Scientific Reports 7:43289. DOI:10.1038/srep43289
Wetzel, R.G. 2001. Limnology: lake and river ecosystems. Academic Press (An Imprinting of ElSevier), California, U.S.A. 1006 p.
Wu, Z., D. Zhang, Y. Cai, X. Wang, L. Zhang & Y. Chen. 2017. Water quality assessment based on the water quality index method in Lake Poyang: The largest freshwater lake in China. Scientific Reports 7:17999. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-18285-y
Zhang, Y., P. Shi, J. Song & Q. Li. 2019. Application of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes for source and fate identification of nitrate pollution in surface water: A review. Applied Sciences 9(1):18. DOI:10.3390/ app9010018
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Los autores/as que publiquen en esta revista aceptan las siguientes condiciones:
De acuerdo con la legislación de derechos de autor, HIDROBIOLÓGICA reconoce y respeta el derecho moral de los autores, así como la titularidad del derecho patrimonial, el cual será cedido a la revista para su difusión en acceso abierto.
Publicar en la revista HIDROBIOLÓGICA tiene un costo de recuperación de $500 pesos mexicanos por página en blanco y negro (aproximadamente 29 dólares americanos) y $1000 pesos por página a color (aproximadamente 58 dólares americanos).
Todos los textos publicados por HIDROBIOLÓGICA sin excepción se distribuyen amparados bajo la licencia Creative Commons 4.0Atribución-No Comercial (CC BY-NC 4.0 Internacional), que permite a terceros utilizar lo publicado siempre que mencionen la autoría del trabajo y a la primera publicación en esta revista.
Los autores/as pueden realizar otros acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del artículo publicado en HIDROBIOLÓGICA (por ejemplo incluirlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro) siempre que indiquen claramente que el trabajo se publicó por primera vez en HIDROBIOLÓGICA.
Para todo lo anterior, el o los autor(es) deben remitir el formato de Carta-Cesión de la Propiedad de los Derechos de la primera publicación debidamente requisitado y firmado por el autor(es). Este formato se puede enviar por correo electrónico en archivo pdf al correo: enlacerebvistahidrobiológica@gmail.com; rehb@xanum.uam.mx (Carta-Cesión de Propiedad de Derechos de Autor).
Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial 4.0 Internacional.
