Intento de optimizar el crecimiento de la tilapia del Nilo utilizando alimentos a base de cultivos autóctonos en sistemas de cría en aguas subterráneas geotérmicas refrigeradas para una acuicultura sostenible

Autores/as

  • Samir TLAHIG Dryland Farming and Oasis Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Institute of Arid Regions
  • Houcine Dab Department of Environmental Sciences, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Tunisia
  • Kamel Elebdelli National Institute of Marine Science and Technology (INSTM), Experimental station of Béchima-Elhamma, Gabes, Tunisia
  • Houcine Laaouar National Institute of Marine Science and Technology (INSTM), Experimental station of Béchima-Elhamma, Gabes, Tunisia

Palabras clave:

Oreochromis niloticus, formulación de piensos, agua geotérmica, habas, colza.

Resumen

Antecedentes: A la luz de la creciente población mundial, que se estima alcanzará los 9,700 millones en 2050, el sector de la acuicultura enfrenta un desafío cada vez más urgente para satisfacer la creciente demanda de fuentes de proteínas de alta calidad. En este sentido, la tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L., 1758) es un excelente candidato en el ámbito de la acuicultura debido a su adaptabilidad, rápido crecimiento y excelentes atributos nutricionales. Para lograr una expansión sostenible de la acuicultura, es imperativo desarrollar alimentos acuícolas eficientes, ecológicos y rentables. Metodología: Este estudio se llevó a cabo en el centro experimental del Instituto Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Marinas en Béchima, Túnez. El experimento implicó la selección de alevines macho de O. niloticus. Se formularon meticulosamente tres alimentos isoproteicos e isoenergéticos distintos, sustituyendo los ingredientes de los alimentos convencionales por fuentes alternativas como harina de colza, trigo duro y habas, mientras se evaluaban las implicaciones económicas de estas nuevas formulaciones. Estos alimentos fueron diseñados para satisfacer los requisitos dietéticos esenciales para un crecimiento óptimo de los peces. El estudio evaluó rigurosamente varios parámetros zootécnicos para medir el rendimiento de los peces bajo diferentes formulaciones de alimento. Resultados y conclusión: Los resultados indicaron que la tilapia alimentada con alimento a base de colza exhibió un rendimiento de crecimiento notable, caracterizado por tasas de crecimiento más altas, tasas de supervivencia elevadas y tasas de conversión mejoradas. A los 80 días de cría, estos peces alcanzaron un elevado peso promedio de 108,71 ± 5,55 g. Por el contrario, los peces alimentados con pienso a base de habas mostraron un rendimiento subóptimo en múltiples parámetros. Estos hallazgos resaltan el papel fundamental de la formulación de piensos para reforzar la sostenibilidad y la productividad de la acuicultura. Esta investigación contribuye significativamente al esfuerzo continuo por optimizar los alimentos acuícolas, fomentando la seguridad alimentaria y la viabilidad económica en la acuicultura.

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2024-12-05

Cómo citar

TLAHIG, S., Dab, H., Elebdelli, K., & Laaouar, H. (2024). Intento de optimizar el crecimiento de la tilapia del Nilo utilizando alimentos a base de cultivos autóctonos en sistemas de cría en aguas subterráneas geotérmicas refrigeradas para una acuicultura sostenible. HIDROBIOLÓGICA, 34(3). Recuperado a partir de https://hidrobiologica.izt.uam.mx/hidrobiologica/index.php/revHidro/article/view/1774

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